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APPENDIX B COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS This appendix contains abbreviated descriptions of the commands and arguments discussed in this manual. The "help" command is another useful source of information, especially while you are at your terminal.
Allows incoming messages to be printed at the user's terminal. SYNTAX: am {-control_arg} ARGUMENT: -print, -pr this control argument prints all deferred messages: those that were received since the user last typed the defer_messages command or logged out. If -print is not given, the default is to print only those messages that are sent after this accept_messages command is typed.
Adds alternate names to the existing names of a segment. SYNTAX: an path namel { ... nameN} ARGUMENTS: path is the pathname of the segment or directory to which the alternate names are added. names are the alternate names to be added to the segment or directory.
Prints a one-month calendar. SYNTAX: calendar {date} ARGUMENT: date is a date, of the form MM/DD/YY, that identifies which month is to "be printed. If date is not given, the default is to print a calendar for the current month.
Changes the user's working directory to the directory specified. SYNTAX: cwd {path) ARGUMENT: path is the pathname of the directory that is to become the working directory. If path is not given, the home directory is assumed.
Creates a copy of the specified segment in the specified directory with the specified name. SYNTAX: cp original_path new_path ARGUMENTS: original_path is the pathname of the segment to be copied. new_path is the pathname of the copy. The user may choose the segment name of the copy when typing this pathname.
Creates a directory at a specified location in the directory hierarchy. SYNTAX: cd path ARGUMENT: path is the pathname of the directory to be created.
Prevents messages from being printed at the user's terminal. (See also the accept_messages command.) SYNTAX: dm
Deletes the specified segment. SYNTAX: dl path ARGUMENT: path is the pathname of the segment to be deleted.
Deletes entries from the ACL (access control list) of a segment or a directory. SYNTAX: da path User_id ARGUMENTS: path is the pathname of the segment or directory for which access is to be removed. This argument may be "-wd" if you want to delete access from the working directory. User_id is the User_id of the person who is to be removed from the ACL.
Deletes the specified directory and its subtree, SYNTAX: dd path ARGUMENT: path is the pathname of the directory to be deleted.
Deletes specified names from a segment or directory. SYNTAX: dn paths ARGUMENT: paths are the pathnames to be deleted.
Prints the specified segment on a high-speed line printer. SYNTAX: dp {-control_args} path ARGUMENTS: -copy N, -cp N this control argument prints 2, 3, or 4 copies of the specified segment, according to the number supplied by the user. If -copy is not given, the default is 1 copy. -destination "address", -ds "address" this control argument specifies where the dprint is to be sent. To include blanks in the address, enclose the entire address in quotation marks; for a single character string this is unnecessary. If -ds is not given, the default is the user's Project_id. All control arguments must be typed before the path argument. path is the pathname of the segment to be dprinted.
Creates and edits text segments. Refer to Section 4 for command description.
Prints blocks of information (info segments) about how to use the specified command. SYNTAX: help {command_name} {-control_args} ARGUMENTS: command_name is the name of a Multics command. If no command name is given, the default is the help command info segment. -all, -a this control argument prints the entire info segment without prompting the user after each block. If -all is not given, the default is to prompt the user for a request after each block of information. -brief, -bf this control argument prints only a one-block summary of the command information. If -brief is not given, the default is to begin printing the standard set of information blocks, each one followed by a prompt. REQUESTS: quit stops printing information, and returns the user to command level. rest prints the rest of the info segment, and returns the user to command level. skip skips one information block. yes prints the next information block.
Prints information about specified segments and directories. SYNTAX: ls {path} {-control_arg} ARGUMENTS: path is the pathname of the segment or directory to be listed. The pathname of a segment is used without the -dir control argument to print the size, all names, and access information about that segment. The pathname of a directory is used with the -dir control argument to print access and name. -directory, -dir, -dr this control argument, when used without the path argument, prints access and name information about all directories located immediately beneath the working directory. When no arguments are given with the list command, the default is to print information about all segments immediately beneath the working directory.
Lists the ACL (access control list) of a segment or directory. SYNTAX: la path ARGUMENT: path is the pathname of the segment or directory for which the ACL is to be listed. This argument may be "-wd" if you want to list the ACL of the working directory.
Prints a list of the info segments that pertain to the specified topic. SYNTAX: lh topic {-control_arg} ARGUMENTS: topic is the topic to be searched for. -all, -a this control argument prints the names of all the info segments. If -all is not given, the default is to print the names of only those info segments that pertain to the topic given.
Identifies the user and grants access to the system. SYNTAX: l Person_id Project_id {-control_args} ARGUMENTS: Person_id is the Person_id of the user logging in. Project_id is "the Project_id of the user logging in. This argument is optional under some circumstances; check with your project administrator. -brief this control argument suppresses the standard set of messages associated with a successful login. If -brief is not given, the default is to print these messages as soon as the user types the correct password. -change_password, -cpw this control argument changes the user's password to a newly given password of the user's choice (not longer than eight characters). The user is prompted for both the old and the new password after this control argument is given; the user should NOT type the new password on the command line.
Terminates a user session and breaks the terminal's connection to the computer. SYNTAX: logout {-control_args} ARGUMENTS: -brief, -bf this control argument suppresses the standard logout messages. If -brief is not given, the default is to print the logout message. -hold, -hd this control argument terminates the user's session but retains the terminal connection, allowing another user to log in without redialing the modem; the initial Multics banner (greeting message) is printed. If -hold is not given, the default is to end both the user session and the terminal connection, and print the message "hangup". If both -hold and -brief are given, neither the logout message nor the initial Multics banner are printed, and only a newline signals the user to log in.
Moves a segment to the specified directory with a specified name. SYNTAX: move original_path new_path ARGUMENTS: original_path is the pathname of the segment to be moved. new path is the pathname of the moved segment. The user may choose the name of the moved segment when typing this pathname.
Prints a specified segment on the user's terminal. SYNTAX: pr path {begin_line} {end_line} ARGUMENTS: path is the pathname of the segment to be printed. begin_line is the line number on which printing begins. If no number is given, the default is to begin printing from line 1. end_line is the line number on which printing ends. If no line number is given, the default is to stop printing after the last line of the segment. The end_line argument can only be used when the begin_line argument is also used.
Prints all messages residing in the user's mailbox, and prompts for requests about deletion after each message. SYNTAX: prm {-control_arg} ARGUMENT: -list, -ls this control argument prints a summary of the messages in the mailbox, before printing the messages. If -list is not given, the default is to begin printing the messages immediately. REQUESTS: abort retains all current messages and returns the user to command level. no retains the preceding message and prints the next one. quit retains the preceding message and any subsequent (unprinted) messages, and returns the user to command level. reprint repeats the preceding message and the prompting message. yes deletes the preceding message and prints the next one.
Prints the pathname of the user's current working directory. SYNTAX: pwd
Creates and edits text segments. Refer to Section 4 for command description.
Returns the user to the previously held command level; typed after the user sends a QUIT signal. SYNTAX: rl {-control_arg} ARGUMENT: -all, -a this control argument returns the user to command level 1. If -all is not given, the default is to return the user to the most recently held command level.
Renames the specified segment or directory with the specified name. SYNTAX: rn path name ARGUMENTS: path is the pathname of the segment or directory to be renamed. name is the new name of the segment or directory. Remember that no two segments or directories that reside immediately under the same directory can have the same name.
Sends mail to another person registered on the system; the send_mail command prompts for the User_id of the recipient. SYNTAX: sdm User_id REQUESTS: prints the existing message. quit leaves the send_mail request level and returns the user to command level.
sends the existing message to the mailbox of the user specified on the command line, along with an interactive message that prints "You have mail."
Sends one or more interactive messages to another user. SYNTAX: sm User_id {message} ARGUMENTS: User_id is the User_id of the recipient, in the form "Project_id.Person_id". Note the period between the recipient's Person_id and Project_id. message is the one-line message to be sent. If message is not given on the command line, the default is to print the prompting message "Input:" and a newline. The user may then type as many one-line messages as desired; each line is sent immediately. Type a period (.) to terminate message input and return to command level.
Modifies the ACL (access control list) of a segment or directory. SYNTAX: sa path access_modes User_id ARGUMENTS: path is the pathname of the segment or directory for which access is to be set. This argument may be "-wd" if you want to set the ACL on the working directory. access_modes are the access modes you wish to set for the given user on the given segment. Access modes are: SEGMENTS: DIRECTORIES: read (r) status (s) write (w) modify (m) execute (e) append (a) null (n) null (n) User_id is the User_id of the person whose ACL entry you wish to add or change.
Prints a header similar to the initial banner seen at login, and lists the User_ids of the people currently logged in to the system. SYNTAX: who {-control_arg} ARGUMENT: -brief, -bf this control argument suppresses printing of the header.
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